Why is dirty water a conductor
In the absence of electrons no solution or water can conduct electricity as ions carry electric charge and conduct electricity. Why water is not a good conductor? Pure water is not a good conductor of electricity.
Thus conductivity increases as water dissolved ionic species. Why is water a poor conductor of heat and electricity? The reason behind are the hydrogen bonds and other interactions between water molecules. Why water is not a good conductor of electricity? Is water a good or poor conductor of? Water is a good conductor of electricity whereas the distilled water is bad conductor of electricity because it does not contain salt and minerals.
Pure water contains very few ions and so it is a poor electricity conductor. But when impurities such as salt dissolve in water, the resulting solution conducts electricity very well. Tap water is such a solution. In chemical terms, salts are ionic compounds composed of cations positively charged ions and anions negatively charged ions.
In solution, these ions essentially cancel each other out so that the solution is electrically neutral without a net charge. Even a small amount of ions in a water solution makes it able to conduct electricity so definitely don't add salt to your "lightning-storm" bathwater.
When water contains these ions it will conduct electricity, such as from a lightning bolt or a wire from the wall socket, as the electricity from the source will seek out oppositely-charged ions in the water. Too bad if there is a human body in the way. Interestingly, if the water contains very large amounts of solutes and ions, then the water becomes such an efficient conductor of electricity that an electrical current may essentially ignore a human body in the water and stick to the better pathway to conduct itself—the masses of ions in the water.
That is why the danger of electrocution in sea water is less than it would be in bathwater. Lucky for hydrologists here at the USGS, water flowing in streams contains extensive amounts of dissolved salts. Otherwise, these two USGS hydrologists might be out of a job. Many water studies include investigating the fish that live in streams, and one way to collect fish for scientific study is to shoot an electrical current through the water to shock the fish "zap 'em and bag 'em".
Want to know more about conductivity and water? Follow me to the Chloride, Salinity, and Dissolved Solids website! Looking at water, you might think that it's the most simple thing around. Pure water is practically colorless, odorless, and tasteless. But it's not at all simple and plain and it is vital for all life on Earth.
In high school my chemistry teacher, Mr Stratton, set up an experiment. He had a light bulb fixture on a wooden paddle, with a power cord attached and two metal prongs projecting at right angles, such that the paddle could be set over a beaker of water with the prongs dangling into the water.
He first filled the beaker with distilled water and screwed a 40w incandescent bulb into the fixture -- no light. Then he tried something like a 10w bulb -- still no light.
Then he tried a neon light -- very dim glow. Next he poured in a small amount of salt NaCl and swished it around -- the neon light began to glow brightly. Tried the 10w bulb -- glowed at nearly full brightness. Tried the 40w bulb -- not fully bright but at least halfway bright. Water is a good polar solvent, and combine that with any sort of chemical which ionizes when dissolved and you have a solution which can carry a significant current with relatively low resistance. And salt-like chemicals are everywhere.
And if you could keep the impurities from contaminating it, you could put a radio in it and it would still work. You can find out yourself. It will show infinite resistance for all practical senses.
Then dissolve about 2 grams of salt in a tablespoon of water. Keep the probes in the water and add the saline to the water and watch. The ohms dive from being an insulator to a fairly good conductor You can even do this by just putting your hand in the distilled water as the salts from your skin dissolve in the water. The argument that water is a conductor because "water seldom is pure enough not to contain some dissolved mineral contaminants" is like saying that it isn't clear either because look at the oceans or the lakes.
Water is a poor conductor compared to wires and metal, but is an excellent conductor compared to air, glass, ceramic tile, and other objects in the bathroom or kitchen, particularly as mentioned in other answers if there are certain impurities dissolved in it.
When our bodies and feet are wet and we are walking across a wet floor, and we have somehow touched a wet electrical outlet or wire attachment; if the outlet is not ground fault protected, the electricity from the hot live side of the outlet will try to find a shortcut to ground through your wet skin and your wet feet to the floor to ground.
As mentioned earlier, even a very small current through your body can stop your heart cardiac arrest. That is why GFI ground fault interrupter protection is required building code on all electrical outlets in kitchens and bathrooms. This type of protection senses when there is a short circuit bypass from the breaker ground and cancels the hot line on the outlet. Water is a conductor! Standing water in a lake or pond or puddle is not almost never pure but never pure.
Yes, sat water is a conductor of electricity. Pure water distilled water is an insulator. Generally we think of water as a conductor because there are impurity ions in the water, such as tap water.
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